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The North Carolina Department of Transportation Presents
The Eden House Site: An Early Albemarle Settlement on the Chowan River
Ambrose Ambler Tokens

      Two of the artifacts found at the Eden House were seventeenth-century trade tokens made in Leeds, England. In 1644, the English Parliament decided to stop making coins. This action caused a severe shortage of the small, or low denomination, coins that people use everyday. To help with the problem, many store owners had coin-like tokens made to give as small change to their customers. The next time the customers shopped at the store they could use these tokens like money, even though they were not real coins. Often these tokens were stamped with the names of the shop and a design that told people who didn't know how to read where they could spend them. For example, a tobacco shop token might show a smoking pipe. The tokens were usually of value only in the neighborhood or city where they were issued. The use of tokens in England continued until the English king Charles II ordered the minting of small coins in 1672. The crown punished people who continued to use the tokens, so many people were probably stuck with useless tokens.
 

      The tokens found at the Eden House were made by Ambrose Ambler, a man who sold tobacco in the northern England city of Leeds. One side
Ambrose Ambler Token
Ambrose Ambler Token
of the tokens shows the name "AMBROSE AMBLER" and a roll of tobacco and two pipes. The other side reads "IN LEEDS 1669 = HIS PENNY." How did the Eden House tokens find their way to a colonial settlement in North Carolina where they would seemingly be useless? Archaeologists have found tokens made by English businesses in the colonies, where they were used as money until a currency of greater value became available. Another idea is that the English settlers simply threw away these worthless tokens once they arrived in the American colonies.